Abstract: By conducting UV fluorescence research on typical calcite specimens from various localities collected by the Geological Museum of China, it has been observed that these specimens exhibit various fluorescence characteristics. Using aportable X-ray fluorescence（XRF） spectrometer to analyze the composition of fluorescent calcite specimens, aiding in exploring the cause of UV fluorescence. This research indicates that the UV fluorescence characteristics of calcite are related to its trace element content and internal structure, especially concerning the isostructural substitution of calcium by trace elements such as manganese（Mn） and cerium（Ce）. Comparative analysis of the luminescence of calcite specimens from different locations, combined with specific information about their place of origin, can contribute to the study of ore-forming environments in different deposits. Studies on the luminescence of calcite and other fluorescent minerals are beneficial for research in fields such as mineralogy and geology. They have potential applications in areas like fluorescent exploration for minerals and preparation of fluorescent materials.