Abstract: National-level green mine construction is a key strategy for promoting high-quality development in the mining industry, implementing the “Two Mountains Theory” and fulfilling the objectives outlined in the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Accelerating Ecological Civilization Construction and the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Comprehensively Advancing the Construction of a Beautiful China. Its evaluation index system establishes industry red lines by setting prerequisites and restrictive indicators, while also presenting enhancement indicators to guide the efforts of mining enterprises. This paper focuses on a typical molybdenum mining enterprise in the Xiaoxing’anling Ecological Zone, addresses its unique ecological needs under a high-latitude cold temperate climate, such as biodiversity protection, forest resource restoration, and water conservation, as well as the technical challenges posed by low-temperature environments on mining equipment operations; proposes a “rigid national standards + flexible regional optimization” framework for green mine construction evaluation. Using the AHP reverse construction method based on known weights dynamically adjust key three-level indicators through reverse construction of analytic hierarchy process （AHP）: biodiversity protection （weight 3.0%）, forest resource protection （weight 2.8%）, water conservation management （weight 2.1%）, and low-temperature antifreeze technology （weight 0.5%）, while reducing the weight of the “mobile source control” indicator to 0.5% due to the constraints of extreme cold climates. Empirical results demonstrate that the revised regional evaluation index system achieves a comprehensive score of 98.5 points, 1.5 points higher than the national standard （97.0 points）, highlighting its enhanced ecological protection effectiveness, improved resource utilization efficiency, and the promotion of low-temperature technological innovation. This study innovatively constructs a nested mechanism of regionally differentiated indicators and national standards, providing a scientific assessment tool for green mine construction in ecologically fragile cold regions. Furthermore, the dual-layer model of “common standards ensuring the baseline and characteristic indicators promoting excellence” offers a scalable path for achieving refined and sustainable development for mining enterprises nationwide.