Abstract: In the coal mining industry, with the innovation of coal mining technology, the transverse-axis boom-type roadheader has become more and more significant in the roadheading operation. This paper carries out an in-depth design and optimization study on the structure of the cutting mechanism of a transverse-axis boom-type roadheader. In the design process, the overall structural form of the cutting mechanism is selected and determined by considering the complex work of the boom-type roadheader, taking into account the force characteristics and the actual requirements of roadheading operations. Subsequently, the cutting mechanism is subjected to the load during the cutting operation to ensure that the structure has sufficient strength and rigidity to meet the basic working requirements. In order to further optimize the performance of the cutting mechanism, the finite element model of the cutting mechanism is constructed with the help of finite element software. This model is used to simulate the actual working condition, so as to obtain the distribution of stress and strain. Through the calculation of the cutting arm, rotary table and sliding frame structure, it aims to provide theoretical reference and technical support for the further research, optimization design and wide application of the boom-type roadheader structure, which is of positive significance for improving the safety, efficiency and economy of coal mining.