Abstract: Shaanxi Province is located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, which is rich in coal resources. However, the mining process generates a significant amount of coal gangue solid waste. The accumulation of this waste not only wastes land resources but also causes various environmental issues.Therefore, the resourceful utilization of coal gangue solid waste is essential for the sustainable development of the coal industry. Due to differences in lithological and secondary weathering processes, the physical and chemical properties of coal gangue vary across different regions, including differences in mineral structure, appearance, and chemical composition. Therefore, coal gangue samples from five typical mining areas in Shaanxi Province are collected, and the physical structure, chemical composition and basic physical and chemical properties of coal gangue are systematically studied, so as to provide a scientific basis for the resource utilization of coal gangue in Shaanxi Province.