Abstract: As a strategic mineral resource safeguarding national energy security and nuclear industry development, establishing a scientific uranium exploration evaluation system is crucial for optimizing resource development. To enhance the comprehensiveness and accuracy of uranium resource assessment, this study addresses the current methodological limitation of overemphasizing resource endowment while neglecting multi-dimensional synergies among economic value and environmental sustainability. By integrating systematic literature review and Delphi method, developing a three-dimensional “resource-economy-environment” collaborative measurement framework, constructing a multi-criteria index system containing 3 primary indicators, 9 secondary indicators, and 26 tertiary indicators. Applying Analytic Hierarchy Process and PROMETHEE-II multi-criteria decision analysis to four typical uranium exploration projects in Hunan Province. The results show that the comprehensive ranking as Project B＞Project C＞Project A＞Project D. Project A demonstrates short-term development advantages but inadequate resource endowment; Project B shows superior resource potential and exploration reliability yet economic efficiency constraints; Project C exhibits resource utilization strengths but higher environmental risks; Project D presents economic benefits but poor resource potential. The model’s validity and reliability are confirmed through consistency verification with practical survey results. Based on findings, differentiated development strategies are proposed: resource-potential projects （Project B, Project C） should prioritize cost optimization and environmental risk control, while economically-oriented projects （Project A, Project D） require enhanced exploration and technological innovation, providing scientific decision-making support for synergistic improvement of uranium resource development strategies and sustainability goals.