Abstract: As an essential foundational material for strategic emerging industries such as photovoltaics and semiconductors, siliceous materials play a critical role in ensuring national economic stability and security. Henan Province holds a leading position nationwide in terms of reserves of high-purity quartz ore, examining the status of siliceous materials in Henan Province becomes especially significant. This paper provides an overview of these mineral resources, evaluates their current development and utilization, and analyzes the output of processed products within the province. Additionally, it forecasts future trends in resource supply and demand while assessing the capacity to meet these demands. With the rapid growth of the photovoltaic and semiconductor industries, the demand for high-purity quartz ore in Henan Province will continue to surge in the coming years. While Henan Province boasts rich fundamental geological data, outstanding prospecting achievements, significant potential in high-purity quartz ore, and comprehensive metallic tailings utilization, challenges persist in a lack of systematic investigation and evaluation, insufficient resource guarantee capability, and products with low value-added. Recommendations include strengthening systematic investigation and evaluation, enhancing the capacity for resource guarantee, promoting high-quality utilization of siliceous materials, strengthening the resource utilization of metallic tailings, strengthening technological innovation through industry-academia collaboration, and encouraging the deep processing of high value-added products to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial clusters. Henan Province’s siliceous material industry has a solid foundation but requires resource integration, technological innovation, and industrial coordination to overcome bottlenecks. Establishing a comprehensive evaluation system spanning “geological prospecting-process mineralogy research-beneficiation testing-analytical testing-product quality assessment” will drive the industry toward high-end and intelligent transformation. By seizing opportunities in new energy and semiconductor sectors, Henan Province could transition from a traditional raw material supplier to a high-end silicon-based manufacturing hub, establishing a leading national high-purity quartz industrial base to bolster China’s strategic emerging industries.