Abstract: The new Mineral Resources Law establishes the management system of exploration scheme, puts forward new requirements for the management of exploration scheme, and the positioning of exploration scheme in the management of mineral resources has changed. In order to implement the system established by the new Mineral Resources Law and explore the construction of a new mechanism for the management of exploration schemes, this paper reviews the management of exploration schemes in different periods in history, and summarizes the local reform exploration and experience. From the perspective of exploration scheme management practice, although the exploration scheme management system has been reformed, adjusted and improved for many times, there are still the following problems that have not been effectively solved: firstly, the scientific of the preparation of exploration schemes is insufficient; secondly, the exploration right holder has not constructed in accordance with the exploration scheme; thirdly, the management authority has not been in place in accordance with the exploration scheme. Based on this, in order to solve the deep-seated problems in the management, implement the exploration scheme management system promoted by the new Mineral Resources Law, policy suggestions for the construction of a new mechanism for exploration scheme management are put forward from eight aspects: ① thoughts and actions unify with the spirit of the new mineral resources law; ② exploration scheme management should be simplified and easy to operate; ③ the review of exploration scheme should be strictly controlled to promote the improvement of the quality of exploration scheme; ④ the exploration scheme should strengthen the process management, understand and master the exploration operation; ⑤ the supervision and the implementation of the exploration scheme combine with the process management to find and handle problems in time; ⑥ the content of the exploration scheme should be scientific and reasonable, in line with the actual exploration work under the conditions of market economy; ⑦ the management of exploration scheme should be well connected with relevant management matters to achieve the purpose of strengthening the management of exploration scheme; ⑧ if the exploration scheme needs to be recompiled, a mechanism of immediate report and immediate review shall be established.