Abstract: Geological survey work is a fundamental work for the state to carry out natural resources management and promote the new round of prospecting breakthrough strategy. However, the current fragmented and decentralized normative documents do not provide the necessary legal safeguards for the conduct of geological surveys. Based on China’s existing geological survey system, specialized legislation on geological surveys should be promoted, and a corresponding institutional system should be constructed with the “field law” as the basic positioning. The object of adjustment of the specialized legislation for geological surveys, the purpose of the legislation and the institutional mechanism on which the implementation of the law is based determine that the specialized legislation for geological surveys is an integral part of the legal system of natural resources. The specialized legislation for geological survey is a promotional legislation, which regulates the relations of rights and obligations arising in the process of geological survey work, and provides institutional safeguards rather than normative and technical guidelines for geological survey work, and relevant norms should be taken away in the legislative process. It is necessary to promptly study and formulate the Geological Surveys Promotion Law as the basic law for geological survey work. At the same time, relevant provisions related to geological surveys should be designed in combination with the adjustment objects of existing different laws, so as to form a complete legal system for geological surveys and provide comprehensive, scientific and sustainable legal guarantees for geological surveys.