Abstract: This paper conducts a systematic research on the process of removal fluorine and chlorine from zinc oxide dust by alkali washing in the hydrometallurgical zinc extraction process, aiming to address the harm of fluorine and chlorine impurities to the process stability and product quality. As the mainstream process for global zinc smelting, the core challenge of hydrometallurgical zinc extraction lies in the excessive content of fluorine（F） and chlorine（Cl） in zinc oxide fume, which leads to problems such as equipment corrosion, adhesion of zinc and aluminum, increased production costs, and environmental pollution. By optimizing the alkali washing process for removing fluorine and chlorine, and combining experimental research with case analysis, this study provides a new technical path for the green and sustainable development of the hydrometallurgical zinc extraction industry.