铝离子在锌电积过程的实践研究

    A study of aluminum ions in zinc electrodeposition processes in practice

    • 摘要: 当前湿法炼锌工艺生产的电锌已占全球锌锭总产量的80%以上。近年来,锌精矿矿山加速枯竭,市场影响锌冶炼加工费偏低。为了降低加工成本,保证生产任务,某冶炼厂大量杂料投入,引起系统氟离子波动,制约锌电解过程剥离问题,电解液中的氟离子富集到一定程度会腐蚀阴极铝板表面的三氧化二铝薄膜使得析出的锌金属与铝形成合金,也就是“锌长在了阴极板上”,产生大量带锌板;从而造成剥锌困难,大量带锌板堆积,阴极板周转量减少,影响正常生产;难剥离板过多,需要付出大量人力物力处理;无法处理的带锌板在泡板槽内反溶处理,浪费极板,造成产量损失,引起电单耗上升。为缓解难剥离症状,该厂不断摸索调试,先后采取加入酒石酸锑钾、剥离剂,采取酸化生产等,均未达到预期效果。后经尝试在系统补加铝离子缓解剥离。目前生产状况改善明显,保障锌电解正常析出周期,从而达到提高生产效率、降低企业生产成本的目的。

       

      Abstract: Currently wet zinc smelting process production of electric zinc has accounted for more than 80% of the total global production of zinc ingots, in recent years, zinc concentrate mines to accelerate the depletion of the market impact of zinc smelting processing fees are low, in order to reduce processing costs, to ensure that the production task, a smelter a large number of miscellaneous inputs, caused by the system of fluoride ion fluctuations, constraints on zinc electrolysis process stripping problems, electrolytic solution fluoride ions enriched to a certain degree will be corroded cathode aluminum surface of the plate aluminum trioxide film makes the precipitated zinc metal and aluminum form an alloy, which is the industry colloquialism “zinc grows on the cathode plate”, generating a large number of zinc stripping plate, resulting in difficulties in stripping zinc, a large number of zinc stripping plate pile-up, cathode plate turnover is reduced, affecting the normal production, difficult to strip the plate is too much, need to pay a lot of manpower and resources to deal with it, and can not be dealt with. The zinc stripped plates are treated in the bubble plate tank with back solution, wasting the plates, causing loss of production and rise in electricity unit consumption. In order to alleviate the symptoms of difficult stripping, the plant has been groping for debugging, has taken to add potassium antimony tartrate, stripping agent, take acid production, etc., have not achieved the expected results. After trying to add aluminum ions to the system to ease the stripping, the current production situation has improved significantly, to ensure the normal precipitation cycle of zinc electrolysis, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost of production.

       

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