Abstract: With the rapid development of additive manufacturing technology, sand mold 3D printing has demonstrated significant potential in the fabrication of complex castings. Chromite sand, with its unique physical and chemical properties—such as high hardness, excellent high-temperature resistance, and superior gas permeability—has emerged as an ideal material for sand mold 3D printing. This paper reviews the principles of sand mold 3D printing technology, the workflow of the printing process, and the current applications of chromite sand in the foundry industry. It analyzes the advantages and challenges of chromite sand in sand mold 3D printing and proposes corresponding solutions. Through case studies, it is found that sand mold 3D printing outperforms traditional casting methods in terms of casting cycle, cost, dimensional accuracy, surface quality, casting yield, and labor intensity, while also significantly reducing casting defects and improving production efficiency. Finally, this paper provides insights into future development trends of chromite sand in sand mold 3D printing technology.