辽西地区金矿床成矿流体特征及矿床成因研讨

    Discussion on the characteristics of ore-forming fluids and genesis of gold deposits in Western Liaoning Region

    • 摘要: 辽西地区发育排山楼(储量12 t、品位2.5 g/t)和柏杖子(储量15 t、品位4.2 g/t)两类典型金矿床,赋存于前寒武纪变质岩与中生代花岗岩接触带,受深大断裂控制。C—H—O—S—Pb同位素及稀土元素分析表明:成矿流体以岩浆水为主(δD=−82.2‰~−72.0‰,δ18O=+4.4‰~+6.5‰),硫同位素δ34S值(+5.8‰~+12.6‰)与铅同位素参数(μ=9.50~9.64)揭示成矿物质具壳幔混合源特征。排山楼矿床成矿流体经历300~200 ℃相分离,沿断裂带发生水-岩反应形成热液蚀变型矿体;柏杖子矿床则以中温岩浆流体(200~250 ℃)沿构造裂隙充填形成脉状矿化。两矿床成矿机制均受控于中生代岩浆活动与构造破碎带耦合作用,但排山楼硫源偏向变质围岩(δ34S=+9.2‰~+12.6‰),柏杖子更富岩浆硫(δ34S=+3.5‰~+7.0‰)。该成矿模型与胶东半岛金矿具相似构造-岩浆背景,为华北克拉通西缘金矿勘探提供新依据。

       

      Abstract: Two typical gold deposits, Paishanlou(with a reserve of 12 tons and a grade of 2.5 g/t) and Baizhangzi(with a reserve of 15 tons and a grade of 4.2 g/t), are developed in the Western Liaoning Region. They occur in the contact zone between pre Cambrian metamorphic rocks and Mesozoic granite and are controlled by deep faults. C—H—O—S—Pb isotope and rare earth element analysis indicate that the ore-forming fluid is mainly composed of magma water(δD=−82.2‰-−72‰, δ18O=+4.4‰-+6.5‰), and the sulfur isotope δ34S value(+5.8‰-+12.6‰) and lead isotope parameters(μ=9.50-9.64) reveal that the ore-forming materials have crustal mantle mixed source characteristics. The ore-forming fluid of the Paishanlou deposit undergoes phase separation at 300-200 ℃ and undergoes water rock reactions along the fault zone to form a hydrothermal alteration type ore body. The Baizhangzi deposit forms vein like mineralization by filling structural fractures with medium temperature rock fluid(200-250 ℃). The mineralization mechanisms of both deposits are controlled by the coupling effect of Mesozoic magmatic activity and tectonic fracture zones, but the sulfur source of Paishanlou is biased towards metamorphic surrounding rocks(δ34S=+9.2‰-+12.6‰), while Baizhangzi is richer in magmatic sulfur(δ34S=+3.5‰-+7.0‰). This mineralization model has a similar tectonic magmatic background to the gold deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula, providing new evidence for the exploration of gold deposits in the western margin of the North China Craton.

       

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