Abstract: The large amount of slag in the nonferrous metal smelting furnace, with strong fluidity and more metal melt, have higher requirements for corrosion resistance and erosion resistance of refractory materials. Magnesia chrome refractories are widely used in nonferrous metal smelting industry because of their excellent slag resistance and strong adaptability. Every year, smelting enterprises produce a large amount of used magnesia-chrome refractory bricks. Currently, there is no technology to systematically recycle used refractory materials. The current landfill and other treatment methods not only cause waste of resources but also increase the pressure on environmental protection. The optimal treatment process for waste refractory bricks should involve separating and recycling valuable metals before regenerating them. However, nonferrous metal oxides are prone to generating gases and volatilizing at high temperatures, which affects the compactness of the regenerated refractory bricks. Currently, there is no research indicating the fundamental reasons why the types and contents of nonferrous metals lead to a decrease in the compressive strength, porosity, thermal shock resistance, and other properties of regenerated refractory bricks. This study clarifies the mechanism of the influence of metals such as lead, bismuth, and copper on the regeneration of refractory materials and their maximum addition levels through theoretical analysis and experimental research, providing a theoretical basis for the removal of metals from waste refractory materials. Through phase analysis in this study, it is determined that lead, antimony, copper and other substances in waste refractory materials mainly exist in the form of metal oxides. According to thermodynamic analysis, at the firing temperature of magnesia-chrome refractory materials, lead oxide and antimony trioxide are the most volatile. With the same mass input, lead oxide generates more gas and has the greatest impact on refractory materials, while antimony trioxide generates less gas and has the second greatest impact on the performance of refractory materials. Although copper oxide can produce gas, most of its components will form stable slag phases in refractory materials. In comparison, its impact on refractory materials is relatively small. It can be seen that the influence of nonferrous metal oxides on refractory materials mainly lies in the fact that they are prone to generating gas volatilization at high temperatures, which affects the performance of refractory materials. It is known through experiments that under the test conditions meeting the standards of magnesia-chrome bricks, the maximum additional amount of lead oxide is 0.6%, the maximum additional amount of antimony trioxide is 1.0%, and the maximum additional amount of copper oxide is 1.3%.