Abstract: The new Mineral Resources Law fully implements the management system of competitive transfer of mining rights. Blocks are the basis for competitive transfer of mining rights, and the source of blocks is an important issue of concern for management authorities. The new Mineral Resources Law encourages units and individuals to provide transferable sources of exploration rights blocks. In order to implement the mining rights transfer system established by the new Mineral Resources Law and explore new ways and mechanisms to expand block sources, this paper examines the changes in the concept and connotation of blocks, explores the understanding of blocks, explores the formation and generation process of blocks, summarizes the main ways of block sources, local experience and practices, and the review methods for submitting blocks. It analyzes the main problems encountered in competitive block source transfer: firstly, the insufficient number of block sources; secondly, the quality of blocks submitted by society is not high; thirdly, there is an imbalance in the sources of blocks for different types of minerals and regions; the fourth issue is the matching of block transfer with market demand. Based on this, new approaches and policy recommendations for exploring and expanding block sources are proposed from five aspects. ①Establish a mechanism for linking basic geological survey work with providing block recommendations, and geological survey work should serve to provide block recommendations for the country; ②intensify the redevelopment and utilization of existing geological data, generate geological achievement data, and propose block recommendations; ③provide reasonable rewards to units and individuals, and encourage geological exploration units, mining enterprises, and practitioners to provide block suggestions; ④encourage social investors to conduct geological surveys and provide favorable mining blocks to the country; ⑤for areas with low levels of geological work, the country can divide blocks according to certain rules, enrich the sources of blocks with different levels of work, meet the needs of investors with different needs, and activate the market for mineral exploration rights transfer.