Abstract: Coal mining is inevitably affected by regional geology and groundwater interference, which poses certain risks and limits the progress of resource extraction in coal mining. In order to reduce the occurrence and development of geological water hazards in coal mines. This paper conducts research on the advantages of directional drilling technology, directional drilling technology process, directional drilling technology equipment, and the application measures of directional drilling technology in geological water prevention and control work. It has certain guiding significance for coal mines to adopt advanced directional drilling technology to prevent water hazards.