Abstract: Against the backdrop of growing global awareness of sustainable development and the continuous advancement of ecological civilization construction in China, the “going global” strategy of mining enterprises has become an important strategic choice to ensure national resource security and expand international markets. Coupled with the support of the “Belt and Road” initiative, which has expanded China’s opening-up pattern, opened the door for Chinese enterprises’ development, fundamentally provided a platform for extensive international cooperation, and further consolidated the implementation of the “going global” strategy by Chinese mining enterprises. However, how to practice the concept of green development in the process of “going global” is the key issue faced by China’s mining enterprises. In recent years, China has made certain progress in the construction of green mines, forming a relatively complete set of standards and norms, which have provided useful references for the green development of mining enterprises and strong support for their “going global” efforts. With the continuous expansion of China’s foreign investment in the mining industry, many challenges remain in terms of investment regions, project types, and international cooperation, such as complex investment environments, significant differences in policies and regulations, and high geopolitical risks. Based on this, the paper analyzes the connotation of China’s concept of green mining development, summarizes the problems and challenges encountered by Chinese mining enterprises in the process of “going global”, and proposes corresponding paths and strategies in combination with the concept of green development. It sorts out a green path suitable for Chinese mining enterprises to “going global”, aiming to promote these enterprises to enhance their international competitiveness in the global market and contribute Chinese wisdom to the global green mining development.