Abstract:
Carbon capture and storage(CCS) technology is crucial for hitting
The Paris Agreement’s 1.5 ℃ global warming target, but its financing models are still quite limited. Carbon markets, by expanding capital participation, will be vital for scaling up CCS. This paper explores how CCS is currently developing within international carbon markets, looking at its interplay with compliance carbon market and its performance in voluntary carbon markets. Most emissions trading systems(ETS) currently lack robust linkages with CCS technology. The integration of carbon taxes with CCS technologies is also relatively rare. As for voluntary carbon market(VCM), there’s significant room for the development of CCS methodologies, modules, and tools. The number of carbon emission reduction projects and credits specifically focused on CCS remains low. Furthermore, the practical application of Article 6 of
The Paris Agreement for CCS is still quite limited. Regarding investment models, funding for CCS project deployment is still relatively singular, primarily relying on government policy support and financial subsidies. The vast potential of carbon markets, especially the VCM, offers opportunities for other capital sources to get involved. This paper emphasizes the necessity and feasibility to build a carbon market-based business model for CCS by drawing on existing CCS investment models and the practices of leading companies like Shell and Microsoft. This paper also identifies and analyzes potential implementation challenges, such as fragmented methodologies and inherent project risks, and proposes possible solutions while integrating CCS deployment into carbon markets. The potential for CCS to participate in the international carbon market has not been fully realized. To address this, three key areas need to be prioritized, which are accelerating the establishment of a robust carbon market system for CCS, exploring viable business models and strengthening risk management across all stages of CCS.