刚果(金)某原生铜硫钴矿浮选回收试验研究及工业实践

    Experimental study and industrial practice on flotation recovery of a primary copper-sulfur-cobalt ore from DR Congo

    • 摘要: 非洲刚果(金)某矿山矿床深部的铜硫钴矿石中金属矿物以黄铜矿、硫铜钴矿和黄铁矿为主,含少量的辉铜矿、蓝辉铜矿、斑铜矿、铜蓝等含铜矿物,脉石矿物以石英和白云石为主。该矿的铜化学物相分析结果表明,铜以原生硫化铜为主,其次为次生硫化铜及少量结合氧化铜和自由氧化铜;钴的化学物相分析结果表明,钴主要以硫化态为主,其次为结合态钴和少量的氧化态钴。根据该矿石的性质和刚果(金)地区实际生产条件,进行了选矿工艺回收试验,最终确定了低碱度(pH≤8)条件下的铜硫等可浮选矿工艺,该工艺采用石灰作铜调整剂、丁基黄药作为捕收剂、2#油作为起泡剂,在原矿一段磨矿细度为−0.074 mm占76%条件下,针对含铜品位、钴品位、硫品位、铁品位分别为2.46%、0.098%、2.69%、2.64%的原矿石,闭路试验可获得产率9.56%,Cu品位、Co品位、S品位、Fe品位分别为24.56%、0.86%、26.77%和22.55%;回收率分别为95.07%、84.25%、95.20%和81.75%的硫化铜钴精矿,实现了矿石中有用矿物的综合回收。本文的研究结果可为同类型矿石的选冶处理提供一定的技术参考。

       

      Abstract: This paper focuses on a copper-sulfur-cobalt ore from a deep deposit in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where the metallic minerals are predominantly chalcopyrite, carrollite, and pyrite, with minor amounts of copper-bearing minerals including chalcocite, digenite, bornite, and covellite, while the gangue minerals mainly consist of quartz and dolomite. Chemical phase analysis shows copper primarily exists as primary copper sulfide, followed by secondary copper sulfide with minor combined and free copper oxides, and cobalt mainly occurs as sulfide along with combined and trace oxidized cobalt. Through systematic beneficiation tests conduct in accordance with the ore characteristics and operational parameters specific to the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC), which ultimately established a bulk flotation process for copper-sulfur separation under low-alkalinity conditions(pH≤8). The process configuration incorporates lime as a copper regulator, butyl xanthate as the primary collector, and No.2 oil as the frothing agent. Under the condition that the primary grinding fineness of the raw ore reaches 76% passing 0.074 mm, and for raw ore with copper, cobalt, sulfur, and iron grades of 2.46%, 0.098%, 2.69%, and 2.64% respectively, the closed-circuit test produce a copper-cobalt sulfide concentrate with a yield of 9.56%. The concentrate assay 24.56% Cu, 0.86% Co, 26.77% S, and 22.55% Fe, with corresponding recovery rates of 95.07%, 84.25%, 95.20%, and 81.75%, respectively, demonstrating effective comprehensive recovery of valuable minerals from the ore. The results of this paper can provide a technical reference for the smelting treatment of the same type of ore.

       

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