Abstract: Carbon capture and storage （CCS） is a key approach to mitigating global climate change, with the crucial step being the utilization of underground pore space to store carbon dioxide in geological formations （GCS） for permanent sequestration. Some developed countries have conducted extensive research on the concept and rights of pore space, establishing and improving relevant management systems. However, China's related system construction lags behind and urgently needs to draw on international experience. Through literature and policy tracking research, this paper systematically reviews the geological and legal policy definitions of pore space, analyzes the characteristics and problems of the three types of definitions: spatial, usage, and geological. It summarizes and analyzes the current situation of pore space ownership by surface landowners, mining rights holders, and the state, as well as the types of pore space management institutions in various countries, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various ownership models and their future development trends. It sorts out the "mineral-like" allocation methods represented by exploration rights and storage rights, as well as the mixed allocation methods represented by passage rights and unitization. Based on the current policy management situation and regulatory characteristics in China, it conducts scenario analysis to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different pore space management models and the optimal path. The study suggests that relevant national/industry standards should be formulated as soon as possible to unify the definitions of pore space and carbon dioxide storage reservoirs, clarify that the state owns the ownership of pore space, and be managed by the natural resources authorities in a coordinated manner. Pore space "exploration rights" and "storage rights" should be set up by referring to mining rights, and priority rules for the development and utilization of pore space should be formulated to build a pore space management system that adapts to the carbon neutrality goal and promote the development of the CCS industry.