Abstract: The composite disaster of rock burst and coal spontaneous combustion has shown new characteristics and seriously threatens the safety of mining. Taking the 31111 working face of a certain mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object, laboratory experiments, numerical simulations, and field application methods are used to study the characteristics of the composite disaster of rock burst and coal spontaneous combustion. A comprehensive prevention and control technical scheme for rock burst and spontaneous combustion composite disasters by controlling the mining speed and “one hole multiple uses” is proposed. The changes in the impact tendency index of coal bodies with different degrees of oxidation are calculated, and the impact tendency of coal bodies with different degrees of oxidation is obtained, revealing the energy dissipation and elastic strain energy accumulation laws of different oxidized coal bodies under uniaxial compression. The simulation analyzes the stress distribution characteristics, energy release, and evolution of stress concentration coefficient of overlying rock layers under different mining speeds and temperature in goaf.