Abstract: Given the ecological vulnerability of mine environments in karst regions, conventional restoration approaches face significant limitations in technical adaptability, rendering them inadequate for advancing ecological civilization and sustainable development in contemporary karst mining areas. This study constructs a karst-watershed-based theoretical and technological framework for mine restoration using Nature-based Solutions through systematic analysis of domestic and international rehabilitation techniques. The research provides scientific pathways for sustainable development in karst mining zones, ultimately achieving synergistic co-development of mineral resource exploitation and ecological conservation. These findings deliver crucial scientific foundations and technical support for ecological mine restoration across China’s karst territories.