Abstract: As a crucial economic pillar and vital water resource supply for the local area, studying seepage prevention of Xinshui Pumped Storage Power Station in Weining is of paramount importance. This research employs various technical methods, including hydrogeological conditions analysis and drilling surveys, to investigate potential seepage pathways. These include potential karst leakage channels at the bottom of the Tuoluo River bed, karst leakage channels potentially present along the axis of the syncline on the left bank, as well as potential localized and long-distance dam bypass leakage, and deep karst seepage in the dam site area. The study qualitatively assesses the karst development patterns at the lower reservoir and the possible existence of leakage channels. Preliminary analysis indicates that the hydrological and geological conditions at the dam site favor the occurrence of dam bypass leakage. The research findings provide guiding significance for the development and utilization of pumped storage power stations in karst regions.