Abstract: As one of the strategic key minerals, germanium is widely used in high-tech industries. In order to guarantee the security of supply of germanium resources, this paper constructs an evaluation system from four dimensions, namely, resource factors, economic factors, technological factors and environmental factors, and applies entropy weighting method to assess the risk of germanium resources supply in China. The results show that technical factors have the greatest influence on the supply security of germanium resources, followed by environmental factors and resource factors, and economic factors have the least effect. China’s germanium resource security evaluation score shows an upward trend, from 0.294 2 in 2015 to 0.869 7 in 2023, and is generally in a secure state. The study also set risk level thresholds, providing a scientific basis for germanium resource risk management.