Abstract: Under the background that the current large state-owned coal mines have basically completed the intelligent construction and China’s energy structure transformation and sustainable development strategy, the safe and efficient development of coal mines has become an important issue for the high-quality development of the coal industry. However, in view of the degree of safe and efficient development, the industry has not yet established a comprehensive, scientific and systematic construction effect evaluation system. To this end, this paper first clarifies the meaning of coal mine safety and efficient development, and gives its core characteristics according to the current situation of construction. Then, through the in-depth analysis of the theory and practice of coal mine safe and efficient development at home and abroad, two kinds of first-level evaluation indexes including safe development and efficient development are extracted, and specific quantifiable evaluation indexes are selected to form a multi-level and multi-angle evaluation index system. Then, using the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） and expert evaluation method, the weight coefficient of each index is given, and the evaluation model of coal mine safe and efficient development is constructed. Finally, the practical significance and future research direction of constructing the evaluation index system are given.