生态脆弱区采煤地表生态修复体系及实践

    Surface ecological restoration system and practice for coal mining in ecologically fragile regions

    • 摘要: 陕西省陕北侏罗纪煤田因煤层厚且煤质优良,成为全球重要的煤炭生产基地。然而,过度开采导致地面塌陷、水资源枯竭和生态退化,严重影响了当地的生态环境。为应对这些问题,本文提出了基于“空天地”立体动态监测网络的综合治理方案,并构建了一套系统化的生态修复技术体系。通过卫星监测与物联网技术,实时监测矿区地质环境,结合裂缝填埋、耕地复垦与道路修复等技术,进行生态恢复治理。同时,设计了生态修复示范园,推动生态多样性保护与可持续发展。该技术体系为陕北及其他矿区的生态修复与可持续发展提供了科学依据和实践指导。

       

      Abstract: The Jurassic coalfield in northern Shaanxi, due to its thick coal seams and excellent coal quality, has become a significant coal production base globally. However, excessive mining has led to ground subsidence, water resource depletion, and ecological degradation, severely impacting the local environment. To address these issues, this paper proposes a comprehensive management plan based on a “space-earth” three-dimensional dynamic monitoring network and establishes a systematic ecological restoration technology system. By utilizing satellite monitoring and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, the geological environment of the mining area is monitored in real-time. This is combined with techniques such as crack filling, farmland reclamation, and road restoration for ecological recovery. Furthermore, an ecological restoration demonstration park is designed to promote biodiversity protection and sustainable development. The proposed technology system provides scientific evidence and practical guidance for ecological restoration and sustainable development in Northern Shaanxi and other mining areas.

       

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