Abstract: Against the backdrop of global energy structure transformation, China’s coal industry faces significant challenges and development opportunities. This paper aims to construct a scientific, reasonable, and comprehensive evaluation index system for high-quality coal mine development to enhance the overall benefits and sustainability of coal mine operations. The study employs methods fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and the analytic hierarchy process to systematically evaluate coal mines’ performance in intelligent construction, green development, efficient development, production efficiency, environmental management, innovation management, and comprehensive security. Firstly, the methods of data collection and preprocessing, index system construction, and weight calculation are introduced. Secondly, the design principles and specific construction methods of the evaluation index system are detailed, and the comprehensive weights of each index are determined. Finally, the application scenarios and expected effects of the comprehensive evaluation system are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. This research provides a scientific basis for decision-making by coal enterprises and government agencies, promoting the high-quality development of the coal industry.