Abstract: With the gradual depletion of shallow resource extraction, the mining depth of mines at home and abroad is deepening. In the process of deep mining, the surrounding rock of the project is prone to ground pressure disasters such as roof collapse and rock burst. This study takes a deep gold mine as the engineering background, based on an analysis of the on-site technical conditions of deep mining, by using numerical simulation methods, two numerical models at a −940 m level are established, separately studied the law of ground pressure activities of mining-induced and the range of stress disturbance during the mining process, obtained the evolution characteristics of the surrounding rock stress field, displacement field, and plastic zone of the mining site under different mining scales, constructed a discriminant model of the influence range of surrounding rock disturbance in the upward horizontal layered mining process, established the function of the maximum distance of stress disturbance caused by mining activities changing with the mining process, revealed the overall distribution characteristics of ground pressure in deep mining areas and their influencing features, and provide effective technical support for safety prevention and control in deep mining operations.