Abstract: The Minhe Basin is the first area in Gansu Province where high-grade helium has been discovered. Helium shows have been identified in conventional natural gas, coalbed methane, and geothermal wells, suggesting considerable resource potential. However, the main controlling factors of helium enrichment and the helium accumulation models are still unclear, which constrains resource assessment and exploration planning. Based on a systematic analysis of the regional geological setting, this study collects basement outcrop samples from the Minhe Basin and coalbed methane samples from the Haishiwan Coal Mine. Through geochemical analyses such as helium content measurement, the geochemical characteristics, origin, and enrichment mechanisms of different types of helium-rich resources in the basin are investigated, aiming to clarify the main controlling factors and establish enrichment models. The results show that the helium in the Minhe Basin is typically of crustal origin, mainly derived from ancient basement rocks rich in uranium and thorium. Helium enrichment and accumulation are jointly controlled by four key factors: ①ancient basement rocks with high U and Th content provide a sufficient helium supply; ②active groundwater serves as the main migration carrier, enabling large-scale transport of helium in dissolved form; ③deep and major fault systems act as effective migration pathways, with multiphase fault networks connecting deep helium sources with shallow traps; ④Himalayan tectonic uplift provides the essential driving force for migration, not only creating structural traps but also reducing formation pressure, which promotes the exsolution of helium from helium-bearing formation water into the gas phase. Based on this, two helium accumulation models are established: one for conventional hydrocarbon gas and the other for helium-rich coalbed methane. These models reveal the whole process of helium migration, exsolution, and enrichment from a dissolved state in the basement to shallow gas reservoirs. The research outcomes provide a scientific basis for helium exploration in the Minhe Basin.