Abstract: This thesis quoted relevant data from National Non-petroleum Mineral Resources Exploitation and Utilization Statistical Yearbook of 2013 from three aspects as abundance,exploitation strength of mineral resources,and dependence on mineral resources.It can be seen that basic reserves of coal in the Eastern,the Central,and the Western region accounted for 7.2%,49.4% and 43.4%,the exploitation and utilization strength of mineral resources is 20.51%,42.12% and 37.38%,mineral resource dependence is 0.99%,5.88% and 5.94% respectively.It drew a conclusion that the Western region has relatively the most abundant,as well as the exploitation strength of mineral resources comparing to the Eastern and the Central region.But the economic development is relatively slow in Western region due to simple economic structure,irrational industrial structure,lack of human resources and technological innovation,unsound regulatory system,sinister geographical conditions,poor infrastructure and so on.The Western region may improve or reverse the status by optimizing the industrial structure,increasing investment in technological innovation,and optimizing the environment for enterprises development.