Abstract: Firstly,the paper studies the spatial distribution of Chinese modern energy industry by using Moran,I index.The result shows that the characteristic and regularity of energy industry by Chinese municipal data and spatial statistic tool.Secondly,the paper constructs a theoretical model of energy Industry spatial distribution,and deduces that natural advantage and externality effect are two important influence factors on energy industry spatial distribution.Thirdly,the paper tests the influence factors of energy industry spatial agglomeration by using spatial econometrics model.Results show that there exist obvious differences in spacial structure of energy industry.The energy industry upstream concentrates on the Ordos area,and There is no space agglomeration of the energy industry downstream.Among the influence factors,natural endowment and market potential are important factors which lead to coal industrial cluster and externality effect is key factor which lead to oil and gas industrial cluster.At the meantime,the government,s economic policy is the most important influence factor which result in the spatial agglomeration of energy industry.