Abstract: Most important mineral rights and its transactions usually have characteristics different from ordinary goods and its transactions.The high transaction costs caused by the characteristics hinder the transaction of mineral rights,which is not conducive to the market to play a decisive role in allocating mineral rights.Reducing trade disputes of mineral rights and improving the efficiency of adjudicating trade disputes are important ways to reduce the transaction costs of mineral rights.On the basis of elaborating the three kinds of information involved in trading contracts,this paper analyzes the advantages of professional arbitration institutions of mineral rights trading dispute over the court in adjudicating trading disputes of mineral rights,reveals the reasons for the lack of professional arbitration institutions of mineral rights trading dispute in China today,suggests that the professional arbitration institutions of mineral rights trading dispute should be established in the mineral rights trading center after Chinese arbitration law is revised and improved.