Abstract: At present,the basic and theoretical studies of the relations between the resources,assets and capital are not enough,the experiences of our country's mineral resources management should be summarized,and the resources,assets and capital as the mineral production factors under the market economy should be further studied.Mineral resources have the nature of being useful,scarce,unrenewable and hidden,and the mineral resources investment is risky.The study of the resource-asset-capital relations should take the exploration process as the horizontal line,the transformation relations of the resources,assets and capital as the vertical line,and the mineral right management as the main line.We should study the policy and circumstances influences to the resource-asset-capital transformation during the different stages of the mineral exploration and development,carry out multi-perspective,wide-range,all-around and indepth research on resource-asset-capital relations,and make clear the goal and direction of the marketoriented reform of the mineral resources management under the market economic conditions.