Abstract: The waste rock,tailings and smelter slag in the process of the exploitation of mineral resources accounted the industrial solid wastes for about 85% in China based on traditional mining pattern. A large number of the solid waste pilled up on the ground in mine can cause serious pollutions, and may induce mudflows and tailings dam-break accidents. Undoubtedly, the solid waste backfill is the most effective way to solve the discharge of mine waste. In this paper, the present situation of research and application of several filling technology are described with regard to low-density classified tailings backfill, high-density total tailings backfill, paste and like paste backfill, as well as rock cemented backfill. Furthermore, the directions of R&D on backfill with waste rock and total tailings in underground mine were analyzed.