Abstract: Plenty of geological exploration Institutes have seen great developments with the support of government and favorable turn of economic environment, which arouses hot focus on how to effectively manage their main staff, especially, knowledge-based staff. We find, however, seldom existing studies have discussed the very problem from psychological contract perspective. Therefore, the paper, based on theory of incentives and psychological contract, analyzes the formatting process, structural characteristics, their influences, further, put forward incentives approaches, of knowledge- based staff in geological exploration institute.