基于仿生群落体原理的无废开采系统的研究

    THE RESEARCH FOR THE WASTELESS METHOD BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF IMITATIVE BIOLOGY GROUP SYSTEM

    • 摘要: 采用常规的治理方法不能完全消除矿山的废料,只有从矿山自身系统出发,将所产出的废料消化在其各工艺过程中,才可能实现矿山的无废开采。本文首先介绍了仿生群落体的意义及其设计原理与方法,然后结合鑫汇金矿实际情况,依照仿生群落体的食物链原理,对矿山产出的废料进行了总体设计,把粗尾砂用于采场胶结充填,细尾砂用于采场非胶结充填;将掘进废石筛分破碎,粗粒级用于建筑,细粒级用于铺路;采用浮选的方法,从炼金剩下的浸渣中提取铅锌精矿,剩余的尾渣则转化为有用的硫铁矿产品。经过三年多的试验和实践,系统地消化和利用了矿山生产排出的废物,实现了矿山无废开采,年产铅锌精矿4 10 0t、硫铁矿1 6 5万t、碎石3 5万m3,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。

       

      Abstract: It is imposible to get rid of the mining waste with the normal disposal way entirely.The only way for wasteless mining is to digest and to utilize its waste in the mining process.At the first,the paper introduces the importance to applying imitate biology group system and its principle and its way for design.Then entire design was made for several kinds of waste at Xinhui Gold mine,based on biology food chain and the mine's production process:the bigger graininess for tailings is used to fill stope with cement,and the smaller one is used to fill stope with non-cement;the bigger grain for mining waste is used for constructional materials,and the smaller one is used for pavement materials,after sifted and crashed;lead and zinc are extracted from the leaching residue,and its residue become a useful FS production by flotation process.The waste due to the mine production is digested and is utilized entirely and systematically,through three years trial and practice,wasteless mining is realized,from which,4100t lead and zinc,16500t FS product,and 35000 m3 constructional materials are obtained every year,its economical profit and social benefit is obvious.

       

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