Abstract: The matter and energy which human society production needs is obtained from the nature,most of which are supplied by the mining industry.From the perspective of physics,the secondary industry can be classified into two types: material transformation and energy conversion.Referring to Resource Evaluation and Use Efficiency,the former uses the index of Material Consumption and Energy Consumption,and the latter uses the index of energy conversion efficiency.The two concepts Energy mineral products consumption and fossil energy consumption need further clarification.The material transformation is reversible under certain conditions,and recycling economy should be developed to save material resources In contrast,energy conversion is irreversible,substitutes resource should be developed to save fossil energy.