Abstract: This paper summarized the ecological imbalance status of abandoned rare-earth mine in South China,such as a large area of vegetation damage,serious soil erosion,landslides,mudslides,heavy metal pollution,water pollution,soil contamination and fluorine pollution.The causes which lead to the ecological imbalances status of Southern abandoned rare-earth mine were analyzed,such as the insufficiency of using tank leaching,heap leaching and In-situ leaching process to extract rare earth resources,mineral thickness and taste of rare earth ore,which distributed widely,are respectively thin and low grade,along with the low utilization rates of resource,southern ionic rare earth resources are not fully integrated,access and supervision of rare earth mining by relevant departments are ineffective,the ecological recovery research of ion-type rare earth mine is lagging behind and have not formed an propagable ecological restoration mode of rare earth wasteland.In the end,the following aspects of suggestions were made to improve the ecological imbalance status of abandoned rare-earth mine in South China,such as develop new rare-earth extraction process ,accelerate the integration pace of rare earth resources,increase investment of ecological restoration research in rare-earth wasteland and so on.