Abstract: Niobium is an important strategic resource,and were widely used in steel industry,aerospace industry,military industry and nuclear Industry.The steel industry account for the 80% consumption of the world's supply of niobium raw material each year;more than 90% of the superconducting material in Industrial applications is niobium-tantalum alloy conductor.This paper introduces the history and status quo of the production and consumption all over the world.Furthermore,this article also does some analysis on the market structure and status quo of exploration,development and Investment of niobium.