Abstract: During the mineral Resources/Reserves estimation by linear,non-linear geostatistics as well as mineral grade conditional simulation,neighborhood analysis is of the very critical and important process.However,the neighborhood parameters for the mineral Resources/Reserves estimation are commonlyto be defined manually,which has subjective factorsin part and might lead to the estimated value mismatch with actual value,once the neighborhood parameters are to be set arbitrarily.The searching distance of neighborhood should be defined by the directional variogram and search ellipsoid,and the optimized neighborhood is to search sufficient samples,and get maximum regression of slop with the minimum negative kriging weight.The parameters of kriging neighborhood directly affect the final block estimated value,therefore,selecting reasonable and optimized neighborhood parameters will provide the theoretical and practical basis for the mineral resource estimation and mineral deposit valuation.