Abstract: Iron is important basis resource for the development of social and economic, and the use of secondary resource is the key to solve China’s resources and environmental problems in the future.In this paper, the material flow analysis (MFA) is used to calculate the iron stock since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in order to provide data support for the recycling of secondary iron resources.The results show that after three stages, China’s iron stocks reached 6.506 billion tons, per capita iron stock reached 4.73 t/person, but not yet reached the level of developed countries, it has great progress space.Since the founding of the country, the iron material flow into the Chinese economic system is up to 11.772 billion tons, the export of iron material is 2.051 billion tons, iron material escape to the ecosystem as waste is 3.155 billion tons.In all iron stocks, the construction steel stocks is the major stock(55%), and grows the fastest.