Abstract: In order to provide a theoretical basis for gold extraction process of high-sulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate, process mineralogy was studied from chemical composition analysis, XRD, MLA, and SEM-EDS. It was found that (1) the gold concentrate gold is a typical high-sulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate, containing gold 47.5 g· t^-1, Ag 8.46 g· t^-1, S 13.91% (mass fraction) and As 7.54% (mass fraction); (2) Main metal minerals are arsenopyrite and pyrite. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz, muscovite. Harmful component in gold concentrate mainly is arsenic and arsenic mineral is in the arsenopyrite form. Gold occurs in the invisible form. This can instruct high-sulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate smelting process.