Abstract: Recently accident happened in Chinese coal mine often.One important reason is surfeit production super designed.This article studied the principal-agent problem of manager of state-owed coal mine taking on two-task of safety and production.The metal reason of lacking of safety motivation of coal mine manager was discussed and the incentive principle of government to coal mine manager caring out two-task of safety and production was studied.It is concluded that coal mine manager has more motive seeking production than coal mine safety and they would pay more attention to production under similar incentive ways so that the government should weak incentive to production.And finally policy proposal was put forward to stimulate manager improve coal mine working conditions.