Abstract: China's geological work before liberation was divided into four stages in the paper,which are the germination period,the preparation period,the development period and the stagnation period.The germination period means the period before the 1911 revolution,in which,foreign scholars came to china to carry out geological survey work to exploit Chinese mineral resources and t establish military bases.The preparation period is 1912~1916,in which,Nanjing Provisional Government set up geological department in mines division of Industry Ministry,that is the first official geological agency in China.The development period is 1916~1945,in which,three national geological surveys and research agencies were established and provincial geological survey office were set up in each province.The stagnation period is 1946~1949,in which,the research work was mainly carried out indoor,and the <1/3million Chinese geological map> was authorized strength under Huang Ji-qing's guiding,that book Summarized and displayed all geological survey research before 1949 and it is the first geological map in china.