Abstract: Most of coal resources located in less developed areas,where the economic closely related with the development of the mineral resources.In recent years,due to the weak coal market demand,excess capacity,the impact of foreign coal and other reasons,the price of coal fluctuates greatly,and the economy of coal-rich areas has also been affected.This paper takes Shanxi Province as an example,based in the data from January 2005 to March 2014,uses econometric models to analyze the affection of the coal price fluctuations to the validity and impact of delay of Shanxi’s GDP.The results show that the long-term and short-term impact of coal price fluctuation to Shanxi’s GDP is positive,and average time lag is 4.5 months.Based on these studies above,in expectations to help the resource-rich regions to achieve sustainable development,the paper make the following recommendations:Improve monitoring and early warning mechanisms coal prices,Deepening of coal mining enterprises mergers and acquisitions and accelerating the pace of industrial restructuring.