Abstract: This paper has discussed three methods of unconventional rock fragmentation as well as rock broken mechanism, equipment and technology's research results at home and abroad. It included hot-melt method, heat-mechanical rock fragmentation and pulse discharge rock fragmentation. Research about hot-melt was mainly obtained breakthrough at hot-melt equipment's structure at home. And it was world advanced level. Temperature which made by heat-mechanical drilling could reach optimum temperature of rock fragmentation. This was proved that heat-mechanical rock fragmentation could practicable. Pulse discharge could realize very low energy consumed in small diameter drilling hole by experiments.