Abstract: This article constructs a "work stress-safety choice" model by using the five levels of coalmine staffs’ work stress as the exogenous variables, coalmine staffs’ physical and psychological responses as mediating variables, the staff’s safety action choice and awareness choice as endogenous variables, and it does empirical study by using structural equation model. The empirical results confirm the direct, mediating and the overall effects of the model. Based on empirical results, this article put forward the proposals and strategies to control and manage coalmine staffs’ work stress.