Abstract: The long-term large-scale mining of coal resources has caused the serious environm-ental problems,which impeded sustainable economic development.In this paper,take Xuzhou mine area as an example,we discuss the subject and sources of PES,the influence of the coal industry and related industries,the reasonable use and super-vision of PES.At last we advocate establish an institution under the cover of administrative regulations,using market economy,approaching to the sustainable development of society as the goal of the coal mining areas.