Abstract: This paper is aimed to study the influence of different factors on the laneway piston wind,under the influence factors of tramcar speed,laneway wind speed and blockage ratio,there are four simulation schemes with the application of control variable method,and the numerical simulation of airflow distribution of laneway by k-ε turbulence model based on dynamic mesh is proposed.The numerical simulation results show that k-εturbulence model and dynamic mesh method could properly simulate the airflow distribution and tramcar operation;the piston wind influence range become larger with the increase of tramcar speed;when airflow and tramcar move in the same direction,the piston wind effect is less evident and the influence on laneway ventilation is smaller with the increase of wind speed;when airflow and tramcar move in the opposite direction,the differential pressure between the tramcar front and rear is greater,airflow turbulence is more obvious,ventilation resistance and the influence on laneway ventilation grow larger with the increase of wind speed;the larger blockage ratio,the more obvious the piston wind effect,and the disturbance to laneway ventilation grows larger.