Abstract: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, which located in Northwest frontier region of China, has abundant oil and gas resources. With high speed development of oil-gas exploration in recent years, Xinjiang has become an important petrochemical production base and strategic substitute region. However, Xinjiang has to faces some difficulties during the progress, such as the low degree of oil -gas exploration and the slow development of new industries. This paper suggests that Xinjiang should pay more attention to accelerate exploitation its oil and natural gas, and to forge ahead with a strategy of turning its resource advantage into economic advantage.