Abstract: China-Australia FTA(ChAFTA) is the FTA with highest degree of trade liberalization ever signed by China.On the basis of researching on the background of signing ChAFTA,Sino-Australian trade situation and the ChAFTA text,we found ChAFTA is significant in terms of reducing the cost of resource utilization,strengthening the cooperation in the field of geology and mineral resources,and promoting the bilateral personnel exchanges.Meanwhile,it will push forward the reform of geological prospecting units.Therefore,China should take concrete measures in various aspects so that we can sign FTA with more mineral-rich countries,encourage private enterprises to engage in the overseas mining investment,promote scientific and technological innovation in the field of geological exploration,and speed up the reform of geological exploration units.